Caliak sumber untuak Bima Sakti

{{redirect|Milky Way|arti lainnya|Milky Way (disambiguasi)}} {{sadang karajo}} {{Infobox
| title   = Galaksi Bima Sakti
| image   = [[Berkas:ESO-VLT-Laser-phot-33a-07.jpg|320px]]
| caption = {{longitem|
[[Pusek Galaksi]] Bima Sakti ajak nan tacaliak dari [[Observatorium Paranal]] pado malam ari. Laser tasabuik ditembakkan untuak mangoreksi panampakan bando langik nan tardistorsi nan ditarimo teleskop.
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| titlestyle=background: #30D5C8;
| belowstyle=background: #30D5C8;
| labelstyle=background: inherit;
| header1=Data pangamatan
| label2=[[Klasifikasi morfologi galaksi|Jinih]]
| data2=Sb, Sbc, atau SB(rs)bc<ref>{{cite web |first1=Hartmut |last1=Frommert |first2=Christine |last2=Kronberg |date=26 Agustus, 2005 |url=http://messier.seds.org/more/mw_type.html |title=Classification of the Milky Way Galaxy |accessdate=May 30, 2015 |work=SEDS |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150531031937/http://messier.seds.org/more/mw_type.html |archivedate=May 31, 2015}}</ref><br />([[Galaksi spiral babatang]])
| label3=[[Diameter]]
| data3=
Piriangan bintang:<br>170–200 Kly<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/mach/science/milky-way-galaxy-may-be-much-bigger-we-thought-ncna876966 |title=The Milky Way galaxy may be much bigger than we thought |last=Freeman |first=David |date=25 Mei 2018 |website=NBCNews.com |access-date=18 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.space.com/41047-milky-way-galaxy-size-bigger-than-thought.html |title=It Would Take 200,000 Years at Light Speed to Cross the Milky Way |last=Howell |first=Elizabeth |date=2 Juli 2018 |website=Space.com |access-date=18 November 2020}}</ref><br>Materi gelap halo:<br>≈{{convert|1.9|±|0.4|Mly|kpc|abbr=on|lk=on}}<ref name=croswell2020>{{cite news |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/astronomers-have-found-edge-milky-way-size |title=Astronomers have found the edge of the Milky Way at last |work=ScienceNews |first=Ken |last=Croswell |date=23 Maret 2020 |accessdate=18 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200324214927/https://www.sciencenews.org/article/astronomers-have-found-edge-milky-way-size |archive-date=24 Maret 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref>
| label4=Katabalan cakram bintang tipih data4=≈{{Convert|2|kly|kpc|abbr=on|lk=off|sigfig=1}}<ref name="ask-astro"/><ref name="Rix_Bovy" />
| label6=Banyak bintang
| data6={{nowrap|100-400 miliar}}
| label7=
| data7=
| label8=Massa
| data8={{val|0.8|-|1.5|e=12}} {{solar mass|link=yes}}<ref name=McMillan2011>{{Cite journal |last1=McMillan |first1=P. J. |title=Mass models of the Milky Way |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18564.x |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=414 |issue=3 |pages=2446–2457 |date=July 2011 |bibcode=2011MNRAS.414.2446M |arxiv=1102.4340|s2cid=119100616 }}</ref><ref name="McMillan2016">{{cite journal |last1=McMillan |first1=Paul J. |title=The mass distribution and gravitational potential of the Milky Way |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |date=February 11, 2017 |volume=465 |issue=1 |pages=76–94 |doi=10.1093/mnras/stw2759 |arxiv=1608.00971 |bibcode=2017MNRAS.465...76M|s2cid=119183093 }}</ref><ref name=Kafle2012>{{Cite journal |first1=P.R. |last1=Kafle |first2=S. |last2=Sharma |first3=G.F. |last3=Lewis |first4=J. |last4=Bland-Hawthorn |title=Kinematics of the Stellar Halo and the Mass Distribution of the Milky Way Using Blue Horizontal Branch Stars |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=761 |issue=2 |date=2012 |pages=17 |doi=10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/98 |bibcode=2012ApJ...761...98K |arxiv=1210.7527|s2cid=119303111 }}</ref><ref name=Kafle2014>{{Cite journal |first1=P.R. |last1=Kafle |first2=S. |last2=Sharma |first3=G.F. |last3=Lewis |first4=J. |last4=Bland-Hawthorn |title=On the Shoulders of Giants: Properties of the Stellar Halo and the Milky Way Mass Distribution |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=794 |issue=1 |date=2014 |pages=17 |doi=10.1088/0004-637X/794/1/59 |bibcode=2014ApJ...794...59K |arxiv=1408.1787|s2cid=119040135 }}</ref>
| label9=Momentum suduik
| data9=≈{{val|1|e=67|u=J s}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Karachentsev |first1=Igor |title=Double Galaxies §7.1 |url=https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Sept02/Keel/Keel7.html |website=ned.ipac.caltech.edu |publisher=Izdatel'stvo Nauka |accessdate=5 April 2015 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054350/https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Sept02/Keel/Keel7.html |archivedate=March 4, 2016}}</ref>
| label10=Jarak matahari ke [[Inti galaksi]]
| data10={{convert|7.86|-|8.32|kpc|kly|order=flip|abbr=on}}<ref name=boehle2016>{{cite journal |last1=Boehle |first1=A. |title=An Improved Distance and Mass Estimate for SGR A* from a Multistar Orbit Analysis |last2=Ghez |first2=A. M. |last3=Schödel |first3=R. |last4=Meyer |first4=L. |last5=Yelda |first5=S. |last6=Albers |first6=S. |last7=Martinez |first7=G. D. |last8=Becklin |first8=E. E. |last9=Do |first9=T.|last10=Lu|first10=J. R. |last11=Matthews |first11=K. |last12=Morris |first12=M. R. |last13=Sitarski |first13=B. |last14=Witzel |first14=G. |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |date=October 3, 2016 |volume=830 |issue=1 |pages=17 |doi=10.3847/0004-637X/830/1/17 |arxiv=1607.05726 |bibcode=2016ApJ...830...17B |s2cid=307657 |url=https://authors.library.caltech.edu/70841/1/Boehle_2016_ApJ_830_17.pdf |access-date=July 31, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202115020/https://authors.library.caltech.edu/70841/1/Boehle_2016_ApJ_830_17.pdf |archive-date=December 2, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Gillessen2016">{{cite journal |last1=Gillessen |first1=Stefan |last2=Plewa |first2=Philipp |last3=Eisenhauer |first3=Frank |last4=Sari |first4=Re'em |last5=Waisberg |first5=Idel |last6=Habibi |first6=Maryam |last7=Pfuhl |first7=Oliver |last8=George |first8=Elizabeth |last9=Dexter |first9=Jason|last10=von Fellenberg|first10=Sebastiano |last11=Ott |first11=Thomas |last12=Genzel |first12=Reinhard |title=An Update on Monitoring Stellar Orbits in the Galactic Center |date=November 28, 2016 |arxiv=1611.09144 |doi=10.3847/1538-4357/aa5c41 |volume=837 |issue=1 |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |page=30 |bibcode=2017ApJ...837...30G|s2cid=119087402 }}</ref>
| label11= [[Umua galaksi|Periode rotasi galaksi]] Matoari
| data11=240 [[Myr]]<ref name="sparke_gallagher">{{cite book |title=Galaxies in the Universe: An Introduction |last1=Sparke |first1=Linda S.|author1-link=Linda Sparke |last2=Gallagher |first2=John S. |pages=90 |date=2007 |isbn=9781139462389}}</ref>
| label12=[[Teori karapatan galombang|Pola Spiral pariode rotasi]]
| data12=220–360 Myr<ref name=rotation_pattern_speeds>{{cite journal |last1=Gerhard |first1=O. |title=Pattern speeds in the Milky Way |url=https://archive.org/details/arxiv-1003.2489 |arxiv=1003.2489v1 |year=2010}}</ref>
| label13=pariode rotasi [[Galaksi spiral babatang|karapatan Bar]]
| data13=100–120 Myr<ref name=rotation_pattern_speeds/>
| label14=Laju relatif ka [[Radiasi latar balakang galombang mikro kosmis|CMB]] [[rest frame]]
| data14={{val|552.2|5.5|u=km/s}}<ref name="COBE1993">{{Cite journal |display-authors=1 |last1=Kogut |first1=Alan |last2=Lineweaver |first2=C. |last3=Smoot |first3=G. F. |last4=Bennett |first4=C. L. |last5=Banday |first5=A. |last6=Boggess |first6=N. W. |last7=Cheng |first7=E. S. |last8=De Amici |first8=G. |last9=Fixsen |first9=D. J. | last10=Hinshaw | first10=G. |last11=Jackson |first11=P. D. |last12=Janssen |first12=M. |last13=Keegstra |first13=P. |last14=Loewenstein |first14=K. |last15=Lubin |first15=P. |last16=Mather |first16=J. C. |last17=Tenorio |first17=L. |last18=Weiss |first18=R. |last19=Wilkinson |first19=D. T. | last20=Wright | first20=E. L. |title=Dipole anisotropy in the COBE differential microwave radiometers first-year sky maps |doi=10.1086/173453 |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=419 |pages=1…6 |bibcode=1993ApJ...419....1K |arxiv=astro-ph/9312056 |date=December 10, 1993}}</ref>
| label15=Laju lapeh pado posisi Matoari
| data15={{val|550|u=km/s}}<ref name="Kafle2014"/>
| label16=Kapadekan materi galok pado posisi Matoari
| data16={{val|0.0088|0.0024|0.0018}} {{solar mass|link=yes}}<nowiki/>pc{{sup|−3}} or {{val|0.35|0.08|0.07}} GeV cm<sup>−3</sup><ref name="Kafle2014"/>
| below=Caliak pulo: [[Galaksi]], [[Daftar galaksi]]
}}

'''Bima Sakti''' (bantuak nan salalu tapakai dek ahli astronomi<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bima Sakti, Galaksi Rumah Kita|url=https://planetarium.jakarta.go.id/index.php/artikel-astronomi/64-bima-sakti-galaksi-rumah-kita|website=planetarium.jakarta.go.id|access-date=2021-02-12|archive-date=2017-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018183218/http://planetarium.jakarta.go.id/index.php/artikel-astronomi/64-bima-sakti-galaksi-rumah-kita|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mumpuni|first=Emanuel Sungging|date=2010-09-01|title=Lubang Hitam di Pusat Galaksi Bima Sakti|url=http://jurnal.lapan.go.id/index.php/berita_dirgantara/article/view/70|journal=Berita Dirgantara|language=id|volume=9|issue=3|pages=|doi=|access-date=2023-11-10|archive-date=2023-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610230140/https://jurnal.lapan.go.id/index.php/berita_dirgantara/article/view/70|dead-url=yes}}</ref>) atau '''Bimasakti''' (bantuak baku manuruik [[Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia|KBBI]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Hasil Pencarian - KBBI Daring|url=https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/entri/Bimasakti|website=kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id}}</ref>) adolah [[Galaksi#Spiral|galaksi spiral]] nan gadang, nan di dalamnyo ado tadapek [[Tata Surya]], tampek [[planet Bumi]] bagarak mangalilingi [[matoari]]. Matoari hanyo ciek dari sakitar 200 miliar<ref name="Sanders">{{cite news|first = Robert|last = Sanders|title=Milky Way Galaxy is warped and vibrating like a drum|publisher=UCBerkeley News|date=January 9, 2006|url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2006/01/09_warp.shtml|accessdate=2006-05-24 }}</ref> hinggo 400 miliar bintang<ref name="Frommert, H.; Kronberg, C">{{cite web | author=Frommert, H.; Kronberg, C. | date=August 25, 2005 | url=http://www.seds.org/messier/more/mw.html | title=The Milky Way Galaxy | publisher=SEDS | accessdate=2007-05-09 | archive-date=2011-08-11 | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/60r7gXIR2?url=http://www.seds.org/messier/more/mw.html | dead-url=yes }}</ref> nan mambantuak galaksi Bima Sakti. Galaksi iko tamasuak pado [[Sistem klasifikasi Hubble|tipe Hubble]] SBbc dangan banyak massa sakitar ciek triliun (<math>10^{12}</math>) kali [[Massa Matoari|massa matoari]] saroto punyo diameter 100.000 [[taun cahayo]] dan katabalan 1.000 taun cahayo.<ref>{{cite web | last = Christian | first = Eric | last2 = Samar | first2 = Safi-Harb | title = How large is the Milky Way? | url=http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/ask_astro/answers/980317b.html | accessdate = 2009-02-06 }}</ref>

Matoari awak indak barado di pusek Bima Sakti dek tu barado agak ka tepi, dangan jarak antaro [[matoari]] jo pusek galaksi sakitar 27.700 taun cahayo. Kamungkinan bosegh, di pusek galaksi basamayam [[lubang itam]] supermasif (bahasa Inggris: ''super massive black hole'', SMBH). Titiak tampek lubang itam tu barado nan disabuik sabagai [[Sagittarius A*]] (dibaco: ''Sagittarius A-star''), suatu objek nan mamancarkan [[galombang radio]] nan sangek kuek.

Galaksi Bima Sakti punyo banyak sakali sistem tata surya didalamnyo. Hinggo kini, alun ado caro pasti untuak mangatahui pastinyo jumlah tata surya di Bima Sakti. Dek tu, para ilmuwan mamparkiroan basonyo tadapek jutaan hinggk miliaran tata surya di dalam galaksi awak. Sabagai contoh, kini go para astronom dapek ribuan planet ekstrasurya atau planet nan mangalilingi bintang lain di Bima Sakti manggunoan [[metode transit*]] dan pangamatan garakan bintang. Tomuan iko manunjuakan basonyo kamungkinan adonyo jutaan planet nan tadapek pado Bima Sakti. Dek tu, basobok ukuran dan skala Bima Sakti nan sangek gadang, awak masih parolu malanjuikan panalitian dan eksplorasi antariksa untuak mamahami dangan labiah baiak tontang tata surya di galaksi awak.

Sadonyo objek nan barado di Bima Sakti mangorbit di sakaliliang pusek galaksi. Tata Surya parolu wakatu 225–250 juta taun untuak manyalosaian ciek putaran orbit mangalilingi pusek galaksi, nan bararti alah 20–25 kali mangitari pusek galaksi sojak saat tabantuaknyo. [[Laju orbit]] Tata Surya pado Bima Sakti iyolah 217 [[meter par datiak|km/s]].

Dari bumi, Bima Sakti nampak pado langik malam nan corah dan bebas [[polusi cahayo]] sabagai [[kabut]] putiah kalabu mamanjang mangitari busur langik jo bagian tangahnyo tadapek alur galok. Basobok jalua putaran busur langiknyo indak badokek-an jo garih [[ekuator langik]] pun [[ekliptika]], Bima Sakti tacaliak dari babagai suduik bumi. Sabananyo, kabuik putiah tu marupoan kumpulan bintang-bintang nan sangek banyak dan labiah rapek daripado di bagian langik lain saroto debu dan gas angkaso nan taparangkap pado piriangan orbit.




{{Astronomi-stub}}